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In Chinese, the passive voice can be expressed using specific structures, notably "被...所..." and "为...所...". These constructions emphasize the action being done to the subject rather than the subject performing the action.
The structure "被...所..." is used to indicate that the subject is affected by an action, often highlighting the agent performing the action. For example:
这是我第一次感到自己被一个人所吸引。
(This is the first time I feel attracted to someone.)
没想到，他竟然会被一个小学生所欺骗。
(I didn't expect that he would be deceived by a primary school student.)
In these sentences, the focus is on the subject experiencing the action (being attracted or deceived), with the agent (the person or student) introduced by "所".
The structure "为...所..." is used to express that something is not accepted or tolerated by society or a group. It often conveys a sense of judgment or societal norms. For example:
他这种行为，为人类社会所不容。
(His behavior is not tolerated by human society.)
领导的这种行为往往不为人所信任。
(Such behavior from leaders is often not trusted by people.)
In these examples, the focus is on the action or behavior being evaluated by society, with "所" indicating the relationship between the action and the societal response.
Both structures are essential for expressing passive meanings in Chinese, allowing speakers to convey actions and their impacts on subjects effectively.